Black-backed Woodpecker

Picoides arcticus

Description 4

The plumage of adults is black on the head, back, wings and rump. They are white from the throat to the belly; the flanks are white with black bars. Their tail is black with white outer feathers. There is an element of sexual dimorphism in the plumage, with the adult male possessing a yellow cap. Unlike all other woodpeckers except the related American and Eurasian three-toed woodpeckers, this species has three-toed feet.

Habitat and Breeding 4

Their breeding habitat is boreal forest across Canada, Alaska and the north-western United States. In particular the species is a burnt-forest specialist, feeding on the outbreaks of wood-boring beetles that feed on recently burnt trees. The most important wood boring beetles taken are in the familiesCerambycidae and Buprestidae, along with engraver beetles and Mountain pine beetle. Most food is obtained by pecking, a smaller proportion is obtained by gleaning off branches. Black-backed woodpecker are generally non-migratory but historically have undertaken intermittent irruptions.

Nest excavation occurs in April and May; a fresh nest is drilled each year into the sapwood of dead trees. Abandoned nests are used by other species of bird to nest in. The female lays 3 or 4 eggs, and incubation duties are shared between both parents, although the male alone incubates during the night. Upon hatching the altricial chicks are brooded until the nestling phase. Both parents feed the chicks, which take about 24 days to fledge.

Sources and Credits

  1. (c) Tim Lenz, some rights reserved (CC BY), http://www.flickr.com/photos/59323989@N00/3654647137
  2. (c) Anders Peltomaa, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC-ND), https://www.flickr.com/photos/landp/6908872310/
  3. (c) Gary Palmer, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC-SA), https://www.flickr.com/photos/30930941@N08/5528389628/
  4. (c) Wikipedia, some rights reserved (CC BY-SA), http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black-backed_woodpecker

More Info

Range Map

iNaturalist.ca Map

Color black, grey, white, yellow
Animal Bird
Bird Picidae (woodpeckers & sapsuckers)