josefuyeda's Identifications

Many hundreds of individuals of this species are in about a half acre of alder/spicebush thickets, under sparse canopy of red maple, white pine and white oak. One clump ( pictured) over 150 individuals beyond the seedling stage. One plant seen(pictured) with curled edge, almost coriaceous leaves. Many plants were browsed, especially outside of the alder thickets